A new study in Criminology suggests GLP-1 medications such as Ozempic and Wegovy may be associated with a lower likelihood that impulsivity and alcohol use translate into violent behavior. The research does not show that the drugs directly prevent violence, and it does not establish causality.

What the study found

Researchers analyzed a 2025 U.S. survey of 7,521 adults and focused on 821 people who had ever used a GLP-1 drug. In the study, the link between impulsivity and violent behavior was about 62% weaker among current GLP-1 users than among former users.

Alcohol use and impulsivity were still associated with violent behavior overall, but the relationship appeared less pronounced in current users. The findings add to earlier research suggesting GLP-1 medications may affect cravings and reward-related behavior.

• The study used self-reported survey data.
• It compared current users with former users, not a randomized treatment group.
• The authors said more research is needed to understand possible mechanisms.

What the authors and experts cautioned

Lead author Daniel Semenza said the study was not designed to identify why the association appeared. He said the results may point to changes in reward processing or impulse control, but that idea remains speculative.

Outside experts noted that the study suggests a weaker relationship between known risk factors and violent behavior, not direct reductions in violent crime. The researchers described the work as an early step, and anyone considering these medications should discuss potential benefits and risks with a qualified clinician.